A06B-6093-H113 依據(jù)以上各模式工作范圍的劃分，滿足當(dāng)前速度、加速度以及駕駛員需求的工作模式可能有多種。為提高經(jīng)濟(jì)性，采用PSO優(yōu)化各模式的系統(tǒng)效率，并根據(jù)當(dāng)前行駛工況選擇效率的工作模式。據(jù)此，本文中制定基于PSO系統(tǒng)效率優(yōu)化的雙電機(jī)耦合驅(qū)動(dòng)系統(tǒng)控制策略，其框架如圖4所示。控制策略是根據(jù)當(dāng)前工況選擇效率工作模式，具體步驟如下：
（1）判斷滿足當(dāng)前工況的工作模式的情況；若僅有一個(gè)適合的模式，則選擇該模式；若存在多個(gè)驅(qū)動(dòng)模式，則進(jìn)入系統(tǒng)效率優(yōu)化控制模式；
（2）計(jì)算滿足當(dāng)前工況的各個(gè)工作模式系統(tǒng)效率，其具體計(jì)算過(guò)程詳見(jiàn)1.2.2節(jié)；
（3）選擇系統(tǒng)效率最高的工作模式作為當(dāng)前工作模式以提高整車經(jīng)濟(jì)性。
圖4 基于粒子群算法的模式劃分及控制流程
2.2.1 TC模式下的系統(tǒng)效率優(yōu)化
TC模式下，兩電機(jī)的轉(zhuǎn)速與車速成比例，兩電機(jī)的轉(zhuǎn)矩相耦合，可以在約束范圍內(nèi)進(jìn)行調(diào)節(jié)。采用粒子群優(yōu)化算法優(yōu)化兩電機(jī)的轉(zhuǎn)矩分配，以獲得系統(tǒng)效率。PSO算法初始參數(shù)和系統(tǒng)效率流程如圖5所示。TC模式系統(tǒng)效率優(yōu)化過(guò)程為：給定速度和加速度，通過(guò)粒子群優(yōu)化算法獲得電機(jī)M1、M2的目標(biāo)轉(zhuǎn)矩，使系統(tǒng)效率ηTC達(dá)到。優(yōu)化模型如下。
在SC模式下，兩電機(jī)的轉(zhuǎn)矩與驅(qū)動(dòng)力矩成比例，兩電機(jī)的轉(zhuǎn)速相耦合，可以在約束范圍內(nèi)調(diào)節(jié)。與TC模式類似，SC模式獲取系統(tǒng)效率關(guān)鍵是合理分配兩電機(jī)的轉(zhuǎn)速。同樣采用粒子群算法優(yōu)化，具體求解過(guò)程與TC模式類似。圖8為SOC＝0.9時(shí)優(yōu)化后不同模式下的系統(tǒng)效率。適合當(dāng)前工況的驅(qū)動(dòng)模式可通過(guò)比較該工況下4種驅(qū)動(dòng)模式的系統(tǒng)效率而得出，即可以獲得4個(gè)工作模式的工作邊界，如圖9（a）所示。為減少計(jì)算量并提高整車控制器工作效率，提前劃分了各個(gè)工作模式的工作邊界，如圖9（b）所示。并將結(jié)果制成表格存儲(chǔ)在控制器中，通過(guò)查表獲得當(dāng)前工作模式。
A06B-6093-H113
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